Air gun



AMay 27 1930. c. c. LooMls AIR GUN Filed Sept. 28, 1928 @mentor uw mw u :u .MYL n E.

, SN Nw NM WN .QW Nur@ NN Y Patented May 27, 193@ WWE@ STATES rarr erica CRAWFORD C'. LOOMIS, OF ILION, YORK, ASSIGNOR T0 REMINGTON' ARMS '"f Pm, INC., A CORPORATION 0F :DELAWARE f ena Application led September 28, 1928. Serial No. 308,903.

The present improvements are particularly applicable to air guns of the pump action type in which the compression of a spring is effected by the sliding of a handle longitudi- 5 nally and parallel with the barrel.

One object of the invention is to provide an improved construction of the cooking mechanism, and more specically, to utilize a simple device whereby a spring pressed member mounted upon a stationary pivot is made to coact with a 4reciprocating cocking rack to insure proper movement thereof.

Another object of the invention is to provide mechanism whereby return movement of the cooking handle is prevented until its full cooking movement is completed.

A further object of the invention is to provide a suitable full stroke mechanism to compress the power spring whereby the gun may be left in a partially cocked position Without injury to the mechanism.

1t is a further object of the invention to provide frictional means whereby the cocking handle can be held in retracted posltion and when in this position constitute or control a safety mechanism.

Wit-h these and other objects in view the invention consists in the novel combinations and arrangements of parts, a representative embodiment of which is shown in the drawings and will be hereinafter described. llhe drawings illustrate the present inventions as applied to a spring operated air gun of the t-ype shown and described in my prior copending application Serial No. 224,888, filed October 8, 1927, but it will be understood that in many respects they are of general applicability, and not limited to guns of this particular type.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of a gun to which the present invention may be applied, a part of the front wall being broken away.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view through a portion of the arm specially showing the cooking mechanism, this view shows the parts of the above mechanism at rest or just after the gun has been fired.-

Fig. 3 is a view of the same portion of the gun as above outlined, except that the parts are shown in a fully cocked position.

Fig. 4 is a sectional top plan view taken on line 4 4 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the gun taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction indicated by the arrows.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view on the line 6 6 l of Fig. 2.

The gun comprises a stock and receiver assembly, a barrel assembly and a power applying assembly. The stock assembly includes the stock 10 and the receiver housing 11 which embraces the forward end of the stock and is secured thereto by suitable means, such as a rivet or screw 12. The receiver housing carries the trigger 13 pivoted on the pin 14, and the trigger guard 15.

The barrel assembly comprises the cylin-I drical housing tube or false barrel 16, which contains the true or shooting barrel 17 (Fig. 2) and a power mechanism comprising a power spring 18 which encircles the plunger 19 and is compressed between the Hanged end of a fixed reinforcing sleeve 20 and a piston head 21 secured to plunger 19. A driving or piston tube 22 (Fig. 3) extends forwardly from the plunger and enters an aperture in a fixed plug or bushing 23. The bushing 23 and the piston 21 are faced with leather or other material adapted to make an air tight joint withvthe wall of the tube 16, and thus together define an air chamber which thru the aperture 24 in the piston tube 22 communicates with the rear end of barrel 17..

The power applying unit is chiefly housed in a tubular member 25 which is secured below the barrel assembly tube 16 by any suitable means, in this instance by downward eX- tending lugs 26 and 27 (Fig. 5) depending from the heretofore mentioned reinforcin sleeve 20 together with lug 28 (see Fig. 1% which extends downwardfrom a reinforcing sleeve 29.

Power is applied to cock-or compress the spring 18 by a manipulation of the sliding forearm or handle 30 (Figs. 2 and 3) which encircles the tube 25 and is provided at the top with a series of apertures 31 formin a rack which is engaged by a gear 32 which rotates about the ioating pivot 32. Gear 32, which also engages a series of rack teeth formed by the row of apertures 33 in the bottom of tube 25 has rigidly connected thereto i double gear 34 (Fig. 6) which is in engagement with a double rack bar 35 having near its rear end an upwardly projecting head 36 which engages the plunger 19.' Upon movement of the forearm 30 a lesser movement "s thus transmitted to plunger 19, the ratio of reduction of movement depending upon the ratios of the diameters of gears 32 and 34.

A Sear 361 pivoted in the barrel tube at 37 is adapted to engage a suitable notclrin the head 191 of plunger 19 and to be withdrawn therefrom upon the {iringmovement of trigger 13 by the movement of a locking lever 38= interposed between the trigger and sear. Lever 38 is pivoted at 39 and its forward end 381 is moved by the firing movement of the trigger into the path of movement of the rear end 351 of the rack bar 35. Thus the trigger is locked when the forearm 3() and rack 35 are displaced, and the rack and forearm are locked when the trigger is depressed.

The mechanism thus far described is substantially similar to that shown in my prior application above identified. The present invention contemplates certain additions and improvements, among which are means for preventing forward movement of the cocking handle until its full rearward cocking operation has been completed. This is of manifest importance. The heavy power spring is compressed on the rearward movement of the handle and if the handle be prematurely released during this movement the .l cocking handle and associated parts will be thrown violently forward, with probable inj uryto the mechanism. In case the cocking action is practically completed when an accidental release occurs, the force will be suffcient to endanger the operator as well. The

present invention provides means for preventing such movement, one form of which is illustrated in thedrawings and will now be described.

The U shaped double rack member 35 (Figs. 2, 3 and 4) previously mentioned is provided upon its longitudinal upper face with a series of ratchet teeth 40. Pivoted upon the cross pin 39 and straddling both the member 38 and the supporting lugs 26 and 27 is a forwardly extending yoke 41, with a cross member 411 which passes over the ratchet teeth 40 on the bars 35. The overlying portion of the member 41 is provided with a downwardly inclined tongue 42 adapted to engage the ratchet teeth, and with an upwardly inclined spring 43 which engages the upper interior portion of the tube 25, to yieldingly'hold the tongue or pawl 42 in engagement with teeth 40. With the above arrangement when the reciprocating rack 35 is moved rearwardly for a cocking operation the teeth will engage with the tongue 42 and the rack and associated parts retained against forward movement, once they have started their rearward movement. Means are provided for disengaging the tongue 42 from rack 40 at the end of the rearward or cocking movement, and for retaining it 4out of the path of the rack to permit its return to normal position, which may be constructed as follows. A sliding bar 45 is mounted within the U shaped rack 35 upon a pair of supporting pines 46 and 47. The sliding connection, as best shown in Figs. 2 and 3, consists of a pair of elongated and offset slots 48 and 49. Thus, when the pins resi in the lower portions of the slots the bar 45 will be lifted and a forward movement of the bar relative to the supporting pins 46 and 47 will serve to lift it. In Fig. 2, it will be observed that the bar 45 is in its lower position and that in this position the upper face 50 of the bar 45 is below the ratchet teeth 40, while in the Fig. 3 position the face 50 is above the ratchet teeth and holds the tongue 42 out of engagement therewith. At each end of the bar 45 are upstanding blocks 51 and 52 which are adapted to coact with the cross member 411 of the yoke 41. The blocks 51 and 52 are so spaced as to engage the opposite faces of the cross head member 411 and shift the bar 45 just as the stroke of the rack 35 is completed to perform a complete cocking operation, consequently a sliding movement of the bar is effected at each full movement of the rack 35. The bar 45 is yieldingly held against movement by the leaf spring 53 (Fig. 4) and it is against the friction of this spring that the bar 45 is moved when engaged by the cross head.

The operation of the mechanism may be summarized as follows. Assume that the gun has been fired and that the parts rest in the position shown in Fig. 2 and that a cocking operation is desired. The forearm 30 will be moved rearwardlyl or toward the receiver. In its movement it will rotate the gear 32 and by virtue of the stationary complementing rack 33 the gear 32 will also move rearwardly but to a lesser degree. As the gear 32 moves rearwardly the double pinions 34 carried thereby Will engage and slowly retract the rack 35, which carries with it the plunger 19. During this movement of the rack 35 the spring pressed tongue 42 will trip over the teeth 40, and prevent any retrograde movement of the cocking parts should an accidental release of the forearm member occur. Toward the end of the cocking stroke the rack 35 will have brought the bar 45 rearwardly so that its forward block 52 will engage with the cross portion of the member 41 and as the rack 35 terminates its movement the bar 45 will be held stationary, and as the pins 46 and 47 are moving with the rack 35 these will enter the lower section of the cam slots 48 and 49 and thereb elevate the bar 45 to bring its face 50 a ove the ratchet portion 40. In the higher osition the bar 45 will hold the cross mem r 411 elevated so that its tongue 42 will be kept out of line with the teeth and thus a free return of the oooking parts is permitted. Similarly, when the last mentioned arts are returned the bar will be held towar the end of the forward movement to permit movement-s of the supporting pins 46 and 47 to enter the opposite end of the slot so as to return the bar 45 to normal or lower position, where it again acts as a ratchet connection for the subsequent cooking operation.

It will be noted that after a cooking action has taken place the tension of the spring 43 has been increased and that the friction exercised by the tongue 42 upon the bar 45 becomes a factor to prevent the loose movement of the forearm member 30 and the associated rack 35. This feature provides for retaining the gun in a safe condition by cooking the action and leaving the forearm in retracted position, where it is yieldingly held, the trigger and sear being looked. When the gun is to be operated it 1s only necessary to return the forearm member 30 to itsy forward position.

While the form of mechanism herein described is admirably adapted to fulfill the object primarily stated, it is to be understood that it is not intended to confine the invention to the one embodiment herein shown, since it may be embodied in various forms, all coming within the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. n an air' gun comprising a spring actuated plunger, a cooking mechanism therefor, said cooking mechanism having a reciprocating element provided with a ratchet rack, a pivoted member adapted to cooperate with said rack when it is moving in one direction and means carried by said element to disconnect said member from said rack aan permit its return to normal.

i 2. ln a full stroke mechanism for cooking a gun a reciprocating rack having ratchet teeth thereon, a pivoted member to engage said teeth and means carried by said rack whereby the engagement is made effective or ineffeotive at each end of its reciprocating movement.

3. In a full stroke mechanism for a gun, a reciprocating member, a series of ratchet teeth thereon, a. spring pressed element to normally engage said ratchet teeth, means carried by the said reciprocating member and controlled by said cooperating element to effect the disengagement ef said element from said teeth at one end of the movement of said member, to permit the return movement thereof.

4. In an air gun comprising a spring actuated plunger, a cooking mechanism com rising areciprooating element provided wlth a ratchet rack, a pawl adapted to cooperate with said rack to prevent retrograde movement during the cooking of the mechanism, and means comprising lugs associated with said rack to movethe pawl to ineffective position at the end of the cooking movement and to restore it to effective position at the end of the return movement.

5. ln an air gun comprising a spring actuated plunger, a cooking mechanism having a reciprocating element provided with a ratchet rack, a spring pressed pawl adapted to cooperate With said rack during the cooking movement, a movable plate mounted on said rack and adapted when in one position to prevent the engagement of said pawl with the teeth of said rack.

6. In an air gun comprising a spring actuated plunger, a cooking mechanlsm having a reciprocating element provided with a ratchet rack, a spring pressed pawl adapted to cooperate with said rack during the cocking movement, a plate mounted on said rack and movable from an ineffective position to an effective position, said plate being adapted when in effective position to prevent the engagement of said pawl with said rack and cooperating means associated respectively with said plate and said pawl to move said plate from eective position to ineffective position.

7. ln an air gun comprising a spring actuated plunger, a cooking mechanism having a reciprocating element provided with a ratchet rack, a pawl adapted to cooperate with said rack to prevent retrograde movement thereof during its cooking movement, means for disabling said pawl at the end of the cooking movement comprising a plate provided with offset slots, pins on said rack adapted to be received by said slots and means associated respectively with said plate and said pawl for shifting said plate on said pins at each end of the stroke of said rack.

8. ln an air gun comprising a spring actuated plunger, a retainer sear for said plunger, a pivoted member adapted to actuate said sear and a pivot for supporting said member, a cooking mechanism having an element provided with a ratchet rack, a pawl rotatably mounted on said pivot and adapted to cooperate with said rack and a spring urging said pawl into engagement with said rack.

9. ln an air gun comprising a barrel assembly contained in a tubular housing and a power storage assembly contained in a tubular housing mounted in juxtaposition to said barrel assembly, a cooking mechanism in said last mentioned tubular housing having a reciprocating element provided with a ratchet rack, a pawl supporting member pivoted in said last mentioned tubular housing a pawl secured thereto and a spring adapted to urge said pawl into engagement with said rack'- by its contact with the wall of said housing.

10. In an air gun comprising a power storage mechanism and cooking means including :1 reciprocating forearm, means for applying pressure to friotionally retain said reciprocating forearm in retracted position and means for reventing the ring of the gun while the orearm is thus retained in retracted position.

11. In an air gun comprising aV cooking mechanism adapted to be operated by a reciprocating forearm, means for preventing retrograde movement of said forearm during its cooking movement, means for permitting the return of said forearm to normal position after the completion of its cooking movement and devices rendered effective by said second means to frictionally retain the forearm' in retracted position. 12. In an air gun comprising a spring actuated plunger, a cooking means therefore provide with a reciprocating element, a forearm adapted to reciprocate said cooking means, means for preventing retrograde movement of -said reciprocating element during its cooking movement, means for disabling said preventing means at the end of the cooking movement and permitting the return of said element and said forearm to normal position and means rendered eective thereby to frictionally resist such return movement, said last named means being rendered ineffective at the completion of the return movement. A

13. In an air gun, in combination, a spring operating plunger, a power storage mechanism therefor, a reciprocable member embodied in said mechanism, means to prevent retrograde movement ofs'aid mechanism durto render said means eiective and operable at the other end of movement of said member to render said means ineiective.

17. In an air gun comprisin a spring actuated plunger, a retainer sear or said plun er, a pivoted member adapted to actuate said sear and a pivot for supporting said member, a cooking mechanism having an element provided with a ratchet rack, a pawl rotatably mounted on said pivot and adapted to cooperate with said rack.

18. In an air gun comprising a power storage mechanism andcocking means including a reciprocable forearm, a member movable to friotionally retain said reciprocable forearm in retracted position, and means for prevent ing the ring of the gun while the forearm is thus retained in retracted position.

CRAWFORD C. LOOMIS.

ing its power storing movement, and a device carried by said member for rendering said means effective and ineffective.

1 4. In a cooking mechanism for air guns,v in combination, a reciprooable member, means for preventing retrograde movement of said member during its movement in one direction and a device carried by said member for rendering said means effective and ineffectivef 15. In a cooking mech'anism for air guns, in combination, a reciprocable member, means for geventing retrograde movement of said .member during its movement in one direction and a device operableat one end of the movement of said .member to render said means eective and operable at the other end of movement of said member to render said means ineiective.

16. In a cooking mechanism for air guns, in combination, a reciprocable member, means for preventing retrograde movement of said member during its movement in one direction and a device carried by said member operable at one end of the movement of said member 

